Within two months of her accession to the throne, Queen Mary I had reinstated the previously repealed Heresy Acts, which were extremely strict regulations “concerning the arresting and apprehension of erroneous and heretical preachers”- heretical in this case meaning “not Catholic.” Under the reinstated law, practicing Protestant leaders and churchmen were imprisoned and made martyrs. After Mary Tudor ascended the throne, she grew drunk with a power that would culminate in an unfortunate end. However, Mary had the public’s favor, and the decision to make Jane Gray queen was reversed in a mere nine days. They knew what would happen if Mary Tudor became England’s first Catholic queen, and they struggled to instate Jane Gray, Henry VIII’s niece, as next in line. Since Edward had been a minor, the lords of Somerset and of Northumberland acted as his regents. Edward VI ruled for only six years, for various illnesses took his life in 1553. His Protestant tutors and advisers put him into a religious fervor, resulting in further disassembly of the Catholic Church in England. With his royal line in such a tenuous state, Henry at last established the succession of English rule: first, Edward or Edward’s heirs, then, if Edward died without issue, Mary would become queen, after which Elizabeth (Anne’s daughter) would take the throne.Įdward became king at nine years old upon the death of Henry VIII. When Jane died shortly after childbirth, Mary Tudor was Jane’s chief mourner. Henry VIII’s third wife at last gave him a son, the future Edward VI. Jane Seymour encouraged her husband to renew his relationship with Lady Mary Tudor, and Mary found a friend in her new step-mother. Anne was convicted, then beheaded one day before Henry’s engagement to Jane. To facilitate his wishes, Henry had Anne investigated for high treason. The king wanted to end his marriage with Anne, for she could not give him a son, either. Mary Tudor was declared a bastard child at the age of seventeen and deprived of her former luxuries as princess.Īnne Boleyn bore Henry a daughter, the future Elizabeth I however, by that time, the king was already courting Jane Seymour, a maid of honor to the queen. Thus, his marriage to Catherine was legally annulled, and both mother and daughter became disgraced outcasts. In 1534 King Henry VIII took matters into his own hands by cutting ties with Rome and establishing the Church of England, naming himself as Supreme Head. Catherine, rather than acquiescing as Henry had anticipated, would not agree to a divorce, and the Pope would not grant an annulment. When her mother, Queen Catherine, could produce no sons for Henry VIII, the king attempted to divorce her to wed his mistress, Anne Boleyn. Mary waited long and fought hard for her right to the throne after being emotionally abused by her father and her position as rightful heir tossed about with indifference. During her long-anticipated yet relatively short reign, she sought to return England to Roman Catholicism, reversing the rise of Protestantism that had been established by her father and her half-brother Edward VI. Mary became the first female ruler of England and Ireland at the age of 37 and reigned from July 1553 to her death in November 1558. Mary Tudor lived in the first half of the 1500s, daughter to King Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Mary Tudor, or Queen Mary I, was called “Bloody Mary” because of her intense persecution of Protestants during her short reign.
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